本篇文章目录导航:
【题目】技巧啦啦操表演风险防范探究
【第一章-第二章】啦啦操运动风险文献综述
【第三章】院校技巧啦啦操运动队受伤情况调查方法
【4.1】技巧啦啦操的概述
【4.2】技巧性啦啦操动作风险分析
【4.3】技巧啦啦操开展风险的规避方法
【第五章-参考文献】啦啦操表演运动风险管理研究结论与参考文献
摘要
啦啦操的英文名字是 Cheerleading,是 21 世纪由美国传入的一项新兴的现代体育运动项目,2001 年在我国逐渐发展开来,融合观赏、竞技、艺术、娱乐等多种性能为一体。
其中技巧啦啦操是以团队的形式出现的啦啦操的一种,是需要团队成员共同协作完成的团队竞赛项目。其基本内容包含翻腾、托举、抛接、金字塔、组合舞蹈动作、过渡连接及口号等。技巧啦啦操主要技术元素包括 Dance(舞蹈)、Cheer(口号)、Tumbling(技巧)、Basket Toss(轿子抛)、Partner Stunts(舞伴特技,是指托举的难度动作)、Pyramid(叠罗汉)、Jump(跳跃)等动作。技巧啦啦操因其气氛高涨热烈、青春活力感十足,复杂多变的难度和连接动作能够调动青少年的探险精神,从而使其获得成就感,并具有提高团队意识、培养坚持不懈的精神和增强自身身体素质的作用,深受青少年们的喜爱。目前在全国很多高校、中小学都有开展,并且很多学校已组织运动队进行系统训练并参与相关的赛事。
但因技巧啦啦操动作难度大、危险性高,所以在训练和比赛中时常会出现一些意外伤害事故,其运动风险发生率相较于篮球、田径等运动项目而言较大。因此,探寻技巧啦啦操运动项目的风险所在并找寻其合理有效的规避方法,是该项目健康、持续发展的必经途径,也越来越受教练员们的重视。
本文运用了文献资料法和调查法等方法,对技巧啦啦操项目的运动风险与规避方法进行了研究。通过在比赛、培训过程中对本领域专家进行访谈,对参赛代表队从事技巧啦啦操项目的 240 名运动员和 20 名教练员发放问卷进行调查,对其访问、调查结果进行研究与分析,认为技巧啦啦操项目存在较高的运动风险,对于产生意外伤害事故的原因大都存在于四类难度动作而导致的训练或竞赛中。在训练中,场地设施不完善、队员个人能力欠缺、队员间配合不够默契、保护措施不到位以及心理素质不过硬是造成风险的主要原因。
而在比赛中,除场地、配合默契程度外,运动员个人机体情况的调节、比赛期间心态的调整以及服装道具因素也是造成风险发生的关键因素。对其风险的规避方法主要从环境、难度技术技巧、安全准则的落实以及教练员和运动员的风险控制等方面进行。本研究以期找到技巧啦啦操风险所在并提出合理的规避方法,在训练和竞赛中为运动员提供安全指导,推进该项目的健康发展,为该项目的理论与实践研究提供参考或补充。
关键词:技巧啦啦操;运动风险;规避
Abstract
The English name of cheerleading is Cheerleading, a new modern sports event introducedfrom the United States in the 21st century. It was gradually developed in China in 2001. Itcombines many performances such as watching, competing, art and entertainment. One of theskills of cheerleading is in the form of a team cheerleading, is the need for team members to worktogether to complete the team competition projects. Its basic contents include tossing, lifting,throwing, pyramid, combined dance movements, transitional connections and slogans. The maintechnical elements of Cheerleading include Dance, Cheer, Tumbling, Basket Toss, Partner Stunts,Pyramid and Jump. Skilled cheerleading is loved by teenagers because of its warm atmosphere,full youthful vitality, complex and changeable difficulties and connecting movements, which canmobilize the young people's spirit of exploration, so that they can achieve a sense of achievement,and has the role of improving team consciousness, cultivating perseverance and enhancing theirphysical fitness. At present, many universities, primary and secondary schools in the country havecarried out, and many schools have organized sports teams for systematic training and participatein related competitions. But because of the difficulty and danger of cheerleading, some accidentsoften occur in training and competition, and the sports risk is higher than basketball, track andfield and other sports. Therefore, exploring the risk of the skilled cheerleading event and findinga reasonable and effective way to avoid it is the only way for the healthy and sustainabledevelopment of the project, and more and more coaches attach importance to it.
By using the methods of literature and investigation, this paper studies the sports risk andavoidance methods of skilled cheerleading events. Through interviewing experts in this fieldduring the competition and training, 240 athletes and 20 coaches of the participating teams engagedin skilled cheerleading events were investigated. The results of the interviews and surveys werestudied and analyzed. Most of the causes of injury accidents exist in training or competitionscaused by four kinds of difficult movements. In training, imperfect facilities, lack of individualability, lack of tacit understanding between players, inadequate protection measures andpsychological quality are the main reasons for the risk. In the competition, in addition to the venue,with the degree of tacit understanding, the adjustment of athletes'personal physical condition, theadjustment of mentality during the game and clothing props are also the key factors causing therisk. The risk aversion methods are mainly from the environment, difficult technical skills, theimplementation of safety standards and the risk control of coaches and athletes. The purpose ofthis study is to find out the risk of Cheerleading skills and put forward reasonable methods to avoidit, provide safety guidance for athletes in training and competition, promote the healthydevelopment of the project, and provide reference or supplement for the theoretical and practical research of the project.
Keywords: skill cheering; sports risk; avoidance
目录
摘 要
1 前言
1.1 研究依据
1.2 研究目的与意义
1.2.1 研究目的
1.2.2 研究意义
2 文献综述
2.1 相关概念界定
2.1.1 啦啦操
2.1.2 技巧啦啦操
2.1.3 风险
2.1.4 运动风险
2.1.5 规避
2.2 国内外研究现状
2.2.1 技巧啦啦操受伤类型及部位的研究现状
2.2.2 运动风险及事故防范的研究现状
3 研究对象与方法
3.1 研究对象
3.2 研究方法
3.2.1 文献资料法
3.2.2 调查法
3.2.3 数理统计法
4 结果与分析
4.1 技巧啦啦操的概述
4.1.1 技巧啦啦操项目特征
4.1.2 技巧啦啦操技术分析
4.1.3 技巧啦啦操编排分析
4.2 技巧啦啦操运动风险分析
4.2.1 运动员分析
4.2.2 教练员分析
4.2.3 保护设施分析
4.3 技巧啦啦操运动风险的规避方法
4.3.1 运动员规避方法
4.3.2 教练员规避方法
4.3.3 其他保护规避方法
5 结论与建议
5.1 结论
5.2 建议
注释
参考文献